Chickering's 7 Vectors
Chickering's theory covers seven vectors of student development that are built on as students develop. The first four serve as a base for identity development, then purpose and integrity can be developed on top of an established identity.
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1. Developing competence. Becoming involved in an activity - be it learning, doing, making art, or communicating with others - allows for this development.
2. Managing emotions. Students learn how to manage their emotions and act on them in a responsible manner.
3. Moving through autonomy to interdependence. Going past a need for approval. Develop self-direction while also coming to understand the importance of interdependence.
4. Developing mature interpersonal relationships. Creating long-lasting friendships and relationships.
5. Establishing identity. Acceptance of and comfort with identity. A secure sense of self.
6. Developing purpose. Developing clear vocational goals - relating to future job or a calling.
7. Developing integrity. Development from rigid moral systems, to humanistic values, to a balance between own and others' perspectives.